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Prof .E. J.Wickson 


i  ADDRESS 

OF   THE 

IKnti-tobacco 

LEAGUE 


ESTABLISHED    THAT 
lUMANITY    MAY    BE    FREED 

FROM  THE  INJURY 
TAILED    BY    THE    TOBACCO 
HABIT 


IM  511  FIRST  NATIONAL  BANK  BUILDING 

BERKELEY,  CALIFORNIA 

DECEMBER,  1910 


MAIN  L  !HRAVxY_AGRICULTURE  DEPT. 

......  .    .OFFJCTRS 

•  ••    •  ••••,•»•   • 

•    •         ••     ••*••• 

t'»  I  I  'l  **\  •'•** *  *     '    •    *  *• 

Commissioner  of  Public  Works,  City  of  Berkeley 

First  Vice-President,  Frank  Soule, 

Professor  Emeritus y  University  of  Calif omia 

Second  Vice-President,  G.  N.  Brink, 

Principal  of  Berkeley  High  School 

Third  Vice-President,  C.  E.  Rugh, 

Associate  Professor  of  Education,  University  of  Calif. 

Fourth  Vice-President,  Elmer  E.  Nichols 
Superintendent,  Lyman  Allen,  M,  D. 


ADVISORY  BOARD 


C.  L.  Biedenbach, 

Principal  of  McKinley  Introductory  High  School 

G.  Walter  Monroe, 

Principal  of  Washington  Introductory  High  School 

E.  H.  Mosher, 

Principal  of  Emerson  Grammar  School 

J.  J.  Jessup, 

Engineer,  City  of  Berkeley 

L.  E.  Blockman  J.  O.  Davis 

A.  A.  Handle  C.  H.  Denman,  M.D. 

E.  E.  Keyes  D.  L.  Jungck 

R.  F.  Michaelis  A.  N.  Meals 

J.  M.  Shepherd  C.  W.  Peck 

Le  Roy  Tufts,  D.  D.  S. 


ADDRESS  dF  THE*^  ^^  ^ ^ 
ANTI-TOBACCO    LEAGUE 


INTRODUCTORY 


The  Anti-Tobacco  League,  which  is 
being  organized  in  Berkeley,  is  the 
first  and  only  attempt  ever  made  in 
this  or  any  other  land,  so  far  as  we 
have  yet  learned,  to  organize  a  general 
movement  against  the  Tobacco  Habit. 
Many  have  fully  realized  the  injurious 
effects  of  the  habit ;  many  have  wished 
and  hoped  and  prayed  that  some  unit- 
ed effort  might  be  made  to  stay  its 
course.  Some  have  tried  to  lead  the 
way.  But  the  task  appeared  so  dif- 
ficult, so  impossible,  that  no  one  saw 
a  reasonable  hope  of  success. 

William  Lloyd  Garrison,  son  of  the 
noted  abolition  orator,  in  a  letter  to 
the  New  York  Tribune  of  July  31, 
1907,  wrote:  "Whoever  enters  upon 
this  reform  faces  an  enormous  com- 


merclal  irfoftopoly  ot  wealth  and  poli- 
.•,tir:il**p5pyretjlas  v^el\as':an  almost  uni- 
versal'practice/ "It  IS* 'fostered  by  so- 
cial custom  and  encouraged  by  church 
organizations;  educators,  by  example 
and  precept,  countenance  smoking; 
physicians  are  largely  users  of  the 
weed,  tolerant  of  its  use  by  their  pa- 
tients ;  the  press  is  saturated  with  its 
fumes.  Literary  men  lean  upon  tobac- 
co for  inspiration,  while  every  book 
of  fiction,  by  male  or  female  author, 
makes  the  pipe  or  cigar  of  the  hero 
as  inseparable  from  him  as  his  cravat. 
When  poets  idealize  tobacco  in  charm- 
ing verse  and  club  life  is  enveloped 
in  a  cloud  of  smoke  it  is  easier  to  ac- 
cept than  to  shun  the  habit.  Like  wine, 
it  is  associated  with  art  and  music 
and  the  sensuous  refinements  that 
make  enticing  the  entrance  into  a 
slavery  from  which  emancipation  is 
rare.  And  public  sentiment  (mean- 
ing the  consensus  of  approval  which 
counts  upon  its  side  a  silent  and  timid 
dissent)  presents  a  solid  wall,  against 
which  it  seems  folly  or  recklessness  to 
precipitate   one's    self."     Nevertheless, 


mankind  has  been  saved  by  voices  in 
the  wilderness."  ....  "If  unchained 
victims  cannot  be  liberated,  at  least 
the  unwary  can  be  warned  against 
cords  which,  seemingly  silken,  arc 
wrought  of  steel.  Men  may  be  given 
courage  to  stand  up  and  be  counted 
against  a  custom  sapping  the  physical 
powers  and  paralyzing  moral  resis- 
tance ;  and  the  selfishness  everywhere 
displayed  regarding  the  comfort  of 
non-smokers    can   be    exposed." 

Despite  these  apparently  insurmoun- 
table obstacles,  a  small  company  of 
Berkeley  men  have  undertaken  the 
task.  In  preparation  for  the  work, 
they  have  spent  many  weeks  in  diH- 
gent  research,  in  earnest  forecasting, 
and  in  consultation  among  a  large 
number  of  persons.  Many  of  those 
spoken  to  have  expressed  themselves 
as  being  in  full  sympathy  with  the 
movement,  and  ready  to  be  counted 
among  its  supporters.  Thus,  by  sym- 
pathy, by  encouragement,  by  counsel, 
and  by  advice,  have  our  plans  been 
shaped. 

We  now  have  our  course  in  most 


particulars  mapped  out;  we  have  a 
large  number  of  our  best  citizens  al- 
ready with  us ;  and  we  feel  hopeful  of 
a  reasonable  measure  of  success.  Dr. 
Lyman  Beecher  Sperry,  the  noted  lec- 
turer, more  than  any  other  man,  by 
his  advice,  suggestion,  and  approval, 
has  given  us  hope  and  inspiration. 

THE   TOBACCO   HABIT 

COMPARED  WITH  OTHER  INJURIOUS 

PRACTICES 

1.  Fifty  years  ago  about  three  mil- 
lion human  beings  were  in  bondage 
in  this  free  land  of  ours.  A  large  pro- 
portion of  those  who  held  slaves  were 
excellent  men ;  they  treated  their  slaves 
kindly;  they  did  not  look  upon  the 
practice  as  a  wrong  against  the  bond- 
man. The  practice  of  buying  and  sell- 
ing men,  women,  and  children,  was 
then  respectable.  George  Washing- 
ton, Thomas  Jefferson,  Robert  E.  Lee 
were  slave-holders. 

2.  Fifty  years  ago,  the  Drink  Hab- 
it was  widespread  in  our  country.  It 
was  one  of  the  greatest  evils  afflicting 
humanity.     It  was  generally  regarded 


as  respectable,  except  when  indulged 
in  to  excess;  and  even  excesses  were 
but  mildly  condemned.  There  was 
then  but  little  effort  to  discounten- 
ance, or  limit  the  use  of  alcoholic  bev- 
erages. They  have  been  banished  from 
a  large  portion  of  our  territory,  and 
in  most  well-governed  communities 
from  which  they  have  not  been  ban- 
ished their  sale  has  been  carefully 
regulated.  Like  slavery  the  Drink 
Habit  bids  fair  to  become  a  thing  of 
the  past. 

3.  But  we  still  have  with  us,  in  full 
measure,  its  Twin  Evil,  the  Tobacco 
Habit.  This  is  today  as  serious  an 
evil  as  the  Drink  Habit,  or  at  least, 
is  a  good,  strong  second  to  it.  It 
is  more  widespread;  and,  directly  or 
indirectly,  injures  a  much  larger  num- 
ber of  people.  This  habit  is  still  con- 
sidered quite  respectable  for  men,  and 
tobacco  is  looked  upon  by  many  good 
people  as  a  comparatively  harmless 
luxury. 

4.  As  yet,  there  is  no  general  and 
emphatic  protest  against  the  use  of 
tobacco,   and   no  general   and   system- 


atic  movement  to  prohibit  or  to  dis- 
credit it.  It  is  true  that  there  is  a 
movement  against  the  use  of  cigar- 
ettes by  boys.  This  praiseworthy  and 
largely  successful  effort  was  begun 
and  is  being  carried  on  mainly  by  the 
Woman's  Christian  Temperance  Un- 
ion; and  for  this,  and  also  for  the 
systematic  work  which  they  have  done 
in  preparing  and  furnishing  literature 
along  the  same  lines  for  use  in  the 
public  schools  throughout  our  land, 
they  deserve  all  honor.  But  this 
action  has  placed  the  onus  almost  en- 
tirely upon  cigarettes ;  while  men  and 
boys  are  still  given  moral  and  legal 
license  to  chew  tobacco  and  to  smoke 
cigars  and  pipes  almost  anywhere  and 
in   almost  any  company. 

5.     Most  of  our  States  have  laws  re- 
stricting  the   sale   of  cigarettes.      Six 

States  prohibit  them  entirely,  nine  pro- 
hibit their  sale  to  boys  under  twenty- 
one  years  of  age,  fifteen  prohibit  it  to 
those  under  eighteen,  fourteen  to  those 
under  sixteen.  But  cigars  and  pipes 
are  likewise  injurious,  though  perhaps 
in  a  less  degree. 


CHARACTERISTICS    OF    TOBACCO 

1 .  Tobacco  is  one  of  the  most  dead- 
ly of  poisons.  It  is  a  compound  of  poi- 
sons. Tobacco  and  tobacco  smoke 
contain  not  only  nicotine,  but  many 
other  poisons.  Among  these  are  col- 
Hdine,  prussic  acid,  and  carbon  mon- 
oxide (the  poison  contained  in  illu- 
minating gas),  all  deadly  poisons.  To- 
bacco is  too  dangerous  a  drug  to  be 
used  as  a  medicine.  It  is  destructive 
to  all  forms  of  animal  and  vegetable 
life.  In  any  considerable  dose  it  jkills 
quickly.  When  used  even  moderately 
it  is  always  more  or  less  injurious. 
However,  as  with  alcohol,  arsenic,  opi- 
um, and  most  other  poisons,  the  sys- 
tem gradually  becomes  tolerant  of  its 
presence. 

2.  The  injurious  effects  of  tobacco 
on  the  human  system  are  manifold. 
Its  effects  vary  with  the  kind,  the 
form  in  which  it  is  used,  the  extent 
of  its  use,  and  the  age  and  the  char- 
acter of  the  individual  using  it.  But, 
to  some  extent,  its  poison  reaches  and 
deranges  every  organ  and  every  func- 


tion:  heart,  lungs,  kidneys,  nerves, 
hearing,  digestion,  circulation,  gener- 
ation, and  perception,  are  all  subject 
to  its  attacks.  Occasionally  it  causes 
cancer  of  the  mouth,  lips  or  throat. 

3.  It  is  upon  the  young  that  tobac- 
co has  its  most  disastrous  effects;  just 
as  frost  may  injure  seriously  or  even 
kill  the  tender  foliage  of  tree  or  plant 
and  yet  hurt  but  slightly  the  mature 
growth.  If  a  boy  begins  to  use  to- 
bacco at  an  early  age  and  continues 
to  use  it,  it  will  stunt  his  growth  in 
body,  mind,  and  character.  It  will 
from  the  start  disturb  the  functions  of 
all  his  organs ;  it  will  steadily  reduce 
his  vitality;  and  in  the  end  it  will 
prevent  his  reaching  the  full  measure 
of  normal,  healthy,  vigorous  manhood 
which  he  might  have  reached  had  he 
not  indulged  in  the  habit. 

4.  Some  agreeable  effects  of  to- 
bacco. For  those  accustomed  to  its 
use,  its  effect  at  first  is  slightly  excit- 
ing, or  exhilarating;  later,  and  in  larg- 
er degree,  it  is  soothing,  composing, 
satisfying;  but  finally  it  is  depressing. 


8 


It  is  a  solace;  it  is  genial;  it  is  com- 
panionable; it  tends  to  make  the  man 
forget  his  troubles,  his  failings,  his 
cares ;  but  in  so  doing  it  also  tends 
to  make  him  neglect  the  things  which 
he  is  depended  upon  to  do. 

5.  It  is  not  easy  for  most  persons 
to  acquire  the  Tobacco  Habit.  At  first 
tobacco  is  very  distasteful  and  quite 
disturbing  to  the  whole  system.  The 
boy  learns  to  smoke  because  men 
smoke:  he  wants  to  be  a  man.  He 
acquires  the  habit,  and  then  the  habit 
acquires  him.  The  man  learns  to 
smoke  because  his  associates  smoke : 
he  wants  to  be  sociable,  wants  to  make 
friends,  wants  to  do  as  other  men  do. 

6.  But  once  the  Tobacco  Habit  is 
acquired,  the  appetite  grows  and  con- 
tinues to  grow.  Two  cigars  yester- 
day, three  today.  In  many  cases  the 
appetite  is  satisfied  only  by  constant 
use.  Some  men  keep  their  pipes  in 
their  mouths  nearly  all  the  time,  even 
when  at  work.  Most  men  who  smoke 
cigars  also  chew  them  to  some  extent. 
Some  men  chew  cigars  nearly  all  the 


time,  but  seldom  smoke.  For  all  such 
confirmed  users  it  is  difficult  to  quit 
tobacco. 

7.  Much  has  been  said  and  written 
concerning  the  injury  done  by  the 
habitual  use  of  opium,  morphine,  and 
cocaine.  These  drugs,  so  used,  are 
indeed  very  injurious;  and  yet,  rela- 
tively, they  are  of  small  importance ; 
for  there  are  but  thousands  who  use 
them  as  compared  with  the  millions 
who  use  tobacco. 

8.  Many  habitual  users  of  tobacco, 
as  well  as  many  habitual  users  of 
wine,  brandy,  and  whiskey,  have  lived 
to  the  alloted  age  of  man,  and  appear- 
ed to  be  not  seriously  injured  by  their 
practices.  Such  cases,  of  course,  have 
encouraged  many  to  follow  their  ex- 
amples. And  yet  such  examples  do 
not  prove  that  tobacco  and  liquors  are 
beneficial  or  even  harmless,  or  that 
such  men  have  retained  their  health, 
energies,  and  usefulness  in  the  same 
degree  that  they  could  have  retained 
them  had  they  not  used  tobacco  or 
liquor.    General  conclusions  as  to  any 


10 


practice  are  determined  by  its  average 
effects  in  a  large  number  of  cases. 

EVIDENCE  AS  TO  THE 
INJURIOUS    EFFECTS    OF    TOBACCO 

1.  Philip  S.  Wales,  Surgeon  Gen- 
eral, United  States  Army,  speaking  of 
the  United  States  Naval  Academy,  at 
Annapolis:  "Beyond  all  other  things 
the  future  health  and  usefulness  of  the 
lads  educated  at  this  school  require 
the  absolute  interdiction  of  tobacco." 
"In  this  opinion  I  have  been  sus- 
tained, not  only  by  all  my  colleagues, 
but  by  all  other  sanitarians  in  mil- 
itary and  civil  life  whose  views 
I  have  been  able  to  learn."  "The  bod- 
ily welfare  and  happiness  of  these 
young  men  and  of  their  future  off- 
spring may  be  permanently  influenced 
by  this  vicious  indulgence." 

2.  Professor  Oliver,  head  of  the 
Department  of  Drawing  at  Annapolis: 
"I  can  indicate  the  boy  who  uses  to- 
bacco by  his  absolute  inability  to 
draw  a  clean  straight  line." 


11 


3.  Medical  Director,  United  States 
Navy:  "The  depressing  effect  of  to- 
bacco upon  growth,  by  diminishing  the 
forces  concerned  in  tissue  change,  its 
effect  upon  the  heart  and  pulsation, 
the  disturbance  of  muscular  control, 
the  dyspeptic  troubles,  impairment  of 
vision,  headaches,  and  the  disturbance 
of  sexual  development,  are  conceded 
by  most  observers." 

4.  John  W.  Wilson,  Superintendent 
West  Point  Military  Academy:  "The 
regulations  of  the  Military  Academy 
prohibit  the  use  of  tobacco,  and 
prompt  and  severe  punishment  follows 
if  cadets  are  detected  smoking." 

5.  Dr.  Die  Lewis:  "At  Harvard 
College,  during  fifty  years,  although 
five  out  of  every  six  students  were  ad- 
dicted to  the  use  of  tobacco,  not  one 
of  them  ever  graduated  at  the  head  of 
his  class." 

6.  Dr.  J.  W.  Seaver,  College  Phy- 
sician of  Yale,  shows  the  effect  of 
the  use  of  tobacco  on  the  growth  of 
young    men,    from    examinations    and 


12 


measurements  of  the  Class  of  '91  for 
their  four  years'  course.  There  were 
seventy-seven  men  who  had  never  used 
tobacco  and  seventy  who  used  it  regu- 
larly; some  used  it  irregularly.  The 
average  gain  of  the  men  in  four 
principal  respects  during  the  four 
years  is  shown  by  the  following  table : 


Weight 
lbs. 

Height 
in. 

Chest     Ivungr 

Girth  Capacity 

in.          in. 

Non-users  ....11.78 
Habitual  users  10.66 

.894 

.721 

1.74  21.6 
1.27     12.17 

7.  Professor  Edward  Hitchcock  of 
Amherst  College  made  similar  tests  on 
members  of  the  Amherst  Class  of  '91, 
with  similar  results. 

8.  Dr.  Lyman  Beecher  Sperry: 
"Its  general  public  use  blunts  the 
public  moral  sense,  degrading  not 
only  the  individual  habitue,  but  also 
society  at  large. 

9.  Professor  H.  H.  Seerly,  Presi- 
dent Iowa  State  Normal  School,  after 
ten  years  of  observation,  making  a 
personal  study  of  several  hundred 
boys   addicted   to   tobacco   using,   and 


13 


giving  only  observed  facts:  "Boys 
that  begin  the  habit  at  an  early  age 
are  stunted  physically  and  never  ar- 
rive at  normal  bodily  development." 
"It  causes  indigestion,  defective  eye- 
sight, dull  hearing,  nervous  affections 
and  diseases  of  the  heart."  "Pupils  un- 
der its  influence  are  not  truthful,  prac- 
tice deception,  and  cannot  be  depend- 
ed upon."  "Tobacco,  used  in  any 
form,  destroys  the  scholar's  ability  to 
apply  himself  to  study."  "In  a  case 
where  reform  was  secured  and  the 
habit  overcome,  the  pupil  again  re- 
turned to  normal  progress,  and  had 
a  successful  career  as  a  student." 
"The  worst  characteristic  of  the  habit 
is  a  loss  of  respect  and  regard  for  the 
customs  and  wishes  of  others."  "Teach- 
ers, parents,  and  philanthropists  have 
not  yet  been  sufficiently  aroused  re- 
garding the  magnitude  of  this  evil." 
"Of  the  two  habits — the  alcoholic  and 
the  tobacco^ — the  latter  is  doing  the 
more  permanent  evil  to  the  youth  of 
this  fair  State." 

10.     Dr.  Gustave  Le  Bon,  President 
Society    of    Medicine,    Paris:      ''Toxic 


14 


properties  of  tobacco  smoke  which 
have  heretofore  been  attributed  to  ni- 
cotine alone,  are  due  equally  to  prussic 
acid  and  to  different  aromatic  princi- 
ples, notably  a  particular  alkaloid — 
collidine.  This  is  a  liquid  of  agreeable 
and  penetrating  odor,  giving  the  prin- 
cipal odor  of  tobacco,  and  is  as  poison- 
ous as  nicotine."  "It  is  to  the  pres- 
ence of  prussic  acid  and  to  different 
aromatic  principles  that  certain  phe- 
nomena are  due,  such  as  vertigo,  head- 
ache, nausea,  which  certain  kinds  of 
tobacco  produce  which  are  deficient 
in  nicotine  .  .  .  and  of  which  others 
rich  in  nicotine  do  not  produce  simi- 
larly." 

11.  Mary  Foote  Henderson,  in  her 
book,  Aristocracy  of  Health:  "Eulen- 
berg  and  Vohl,  noted  chemists,  sepa- 
rated the  fumes  of  tobacco  into  va- 
rious poisons  of  different  characteris- 
tics, among  which  were  pyridine,  pico- 
line,  lutadine,  paroline,  coridine,  rubi- 
dine  and  viridine."  (The  tobacco  pipe 
becomes  loaded  with  a  residue  from 
these  various  poisons.) 


12.  Luther  Burbank:  "No  boy  liv- 
ing would  commence  the  use  of  cigar- 
ettes if  he  knew  what  a  useless,  soul- 
less, worthless  thing  they  would  make 
of  him."  "Men  who  smoke  but  one 
cigar  a  day,  cannot  be  trusted  with 
some  of  my  most  delicate  work." 

13.  Judge  Ben  Lindsay:  "I  have 
been  in  the  Juvenile  Court  nearly  ten 
years,  and  in  that  time  I  have  had 
to  deal  with  thousands  of  boys  who 
have  disgraced  themselves  and  their 
parents  and  who  have  brought  sorrow 
and  misery  into  their  lives;  and  I  do 
not  know  of  any  one  habit  that  is 
more  responsible  for  the  troubles  of 
these  boys  than  the  vile  cigarette  hab- 
it." 

14.  E.  H.  Harriman:  "A  railroad 
might  as  well  go  to  a  county  lunatic 
asylum  for  its  employees  as  to  con- 
tinue   to    employ    cigarette    smokers." 

15.  Dr.  Trail:  *'Many  an  infant  has 
been  killed  outright  in  its  cradle  by 
the  tobacco  smoke  with  which  a 
thoughtless  father  filled  an  unventil- 
ated  room." 


10 


16.  Medical  Testimony:  "Of  near- 
ly 12,000  volunteers  for  the  British 
Army,  only  1200  were  able  to  pass  the 
required  tests,  and  the  chief  cause  of 
physical  disability  was  officially  and 
medically  declared  to  be  smoking." 
"Of  67  candidates  for  the  medical  de- 
partment of  the  U.  S.  Army,  during 
the  Spanish  War,  43  were  rejected  be- 
cause of  tobacco  heart,  officially  and 
medically  so  declared." 

17.  Dr.  D.  H.  Kress,  of  Washing- 
ton, D.  C,  in  a  recent  address,  deliv- 
ered at  a  meeting  of  the  American 
Society  for  the  Study  of  Narcotics, 
said:  "Tobacco  users  may  attain  old 
age  for  the  same  reason  that  men  and 
women  under  the  most  unsanitary  con- 
ditions sometimes  live  long,  but  this 
does  not  furnish  an  argument  in  its 
favor."  "I  have  seldom  found  tobacco- 
using  and  usefulness  in  extreme  old 
age  associated."  "All  the  centenarians 
whose  lives  have  remained  useful  to 
the  close,  so  far  as  I  have  been  able 
to   observe,   have   been   non-smokers." 

18.  Science,  a  journal  which  is  an 


17 


authority  among  scientific  men,,  makes 
this  statement :  "When  Europeans  first 
visited  New  Zealand  they  found  in  the 
native  Maoris  the  most  finely  devel- 
oped and  powerful  men  of  any  of  the 
tribes  of  the  islands  of  the  Pacific. 
Since  the  introduction  of  Tobacco,  for 
which  the  Maoris  developed  a  great 
liking,  they  have,  from  this  cause 
alone,  it  is  said,  become  decimated 
in  numbers  and  reduced  in  stature  and 
in  physical  well-being,  so  as  to  be  an 
altogether    inferior    type    of   men." 

OUR  INDICTMENTS  AGAINST 
TOBACCO 

1.  The  most  serious  charge  against 
tobacco  is  its  disastrous  effects  upon 
the  boy  (see  page  8,  p.  3)  and  this  one 
charge  is  enough  to  condemn  the  hab- 
it, even  though  there  were  no  others. 

2.  The  injurious  effects  of  tobacco 
upon  the  mature  man  are  not  nearly 
so  serious  or  so  apparent  as  upon  the 
boy.  Many  of  those  who  smoke  in 
moderation  seem  to  be  but  little  or  not 
at     all     the     worse     for     the     habit. 


18 


Yet  the  injury  is  there.  The  logic 
of  medical  testimony,  of  the  hosts 
of  men  themselves  who  have  been 
or  are  being  injured  by  the  habit, 
and  of  the  men  and  women  who  have 
observed  its  injurious  effects  upon  the 
user,  is  unanswerable.  It  is  almost 
universally  admitted  that  tobacco  in- 
jures, to  some  extent,  all  who  use  it. 
To  many  it  brings  ills  of  body  and  of 
mind.  To  many  it  brings  troubles, 
disappointments,     failures,     defeats. 

3.  Tobacco  smoke  is  offensive  to 
most  non-users,  and  especially  so  to 
women.  The  odor  of  it  is  intense, 
penetrating,  and  persistent.  It  clings 
to  walls,  draperies,  carpets,  upholster- 
ed furnitures,  clothing,  for  hours  and 
even  days  after  the  smoker  has  gone. 
The  smoker  carries  more  or  less  of  the 
odor  with  him,  even  when  he  is  not 
smoking  or  carrying  his  tobacco  pipe 
in  his  pocket.  Some  men  get  to  be 
fairly  saturated  with  it — reek  of  it — 
and  yet  are  unconscious  of  the  fact. 

4.  Again,  the  smoker  not  only  in- 
jures his  own  health,  but  he  injures 


19 


the  health  of  all  those  about  him;  he 
poisons  the  air  they  breathe.    It  is  as 

important  for  every  human  being  to 
have  pure  air  to  breathe  as  it  is  to 
have  pure  water  to  drink;  and  the 
right  to  it  is  fundamental. 

And  yet  the  average  smoker  feels 
at  liberty  or  at  least  he  takes  the 
liberty,  to  smoke  nearly  everywhere 
and  in  almost  any  presence  where 
smoking  is  not  prohibited,  apparently 
regardless  of  the  rights  of  the  non- 
smoker.  He  smokes  in  offices,  stores, 
banks,  shops,  restaurants  and  other 
business  places ;  in  public  halls,  lodge 
rooms,  council  rooms,  social,  political 
and  business  gatherings ;  and  even  in 
Y.  M.  C.  A.  and  church  business  meet- 
ings. He  appears  well  satisfied  with 
himself  and  quite  oblivious  to  the  dis- 
comfort, annoyance,  offense  and  in- 
jury he  causes  others  about  him.  He 
does  not  at  all  realize  that  he  becomes 
a  nuisance  in  public  places. 

5.  One  of  the  most  serious  results 
of  the  Tobacco  Habit  is  the  fact  that 
it  tends  to  cause  the  habitual  user  to 


20 


lose  gradually  his  respect  and  his  con- 
sideration   for    the    rights    of    others. 

Consideration,  respect  and  care  for  the 
rights  of  others,  is  the  essence,  the 
foundation  principle,  of  all  ethical 
teaching;  and  it  is  also  an  essential  at- 
tribute   of    the    true    gentleman. 

6.  The  father  who  smokes  encour- 
ages by  his  example  his  own  boy  and 
other  men's  boys  to  smoke. 

7.  The  men,  women,  and  children 
who  work  in  tobacco  factories  are  se- 
riously injured  by  inhaling  tobacco 
odors  and  tobacco  dust. 

8.  Smokers  and  the  boys  who  imi- 
tate them  start  many  fires  through 
careless,  heedless  handling  of  matches, 
cigars,  and  pipes.  In  such  ways  mil- 
lions of  dollars  worth  of  property  is 
destroyed  every  year.  In  such  ways 
many  homes,  many  factories,  many 
business  houses,  many  city  blocks, 
many  great  forests  and  many  fields 
and  barns  and  stacks  of  hay  and  grain 
have   been   destroyed   by  smokers. 

9.  The  cost  of  tobacco  is  a  serious 


21 


financial  burden  to  many  of  those  who 

use  it.  Many  men  spend  more  money 
for  tobacco  than  they  do  for  bread, 
and  many  even  more  than  they  do  for 
bread  and  butter. 

The  Internal  Revenue  Report  for 
the  year  ending  June  30,  1910,  shows 
a  rising  tide  in  the  nation's  tobacco 
bill: 

7,600,000,000  cigars  —  160,000,000 
more  than  in  1909. 

6,830,000,000  cigarettes — an  increase 
of  one  billion. 

402,000,000  pounds  of  plug,  fine  cut, 
cube  cut,  granulated  or  sliced  smok- 
ing or  chewing  tobacco,  or  snuff — 
4,000,000  more  than  the  year  before. 

It  is  estimated  that  the  annual  fisrt 
cost  of  tobacco  for  the  nation  is  prac- 
tically the  same  as  the  cost  of  bread 
for  the  consumer — each  about  $800,- 
000,000.  Probably  the  retail  cost  of 
tobacco  to  the  nation  is  double  the  re- 
tail cost  of  bread. 

10.  The  man  who  smokes  or  al- 
lows smoking  in  his  office,  store,  or 
shop,  thereby  lessens  the  efficiency 
and  reliability  of  his  employees,  low- 


22 


ers  the  tone  of  his  place,  and,  to  some 
degree,  varying  with  the  character  of 
his  business,  lessens  his  patronage  and 
his  success. 

11.  A  large  and  increasing  propor- 
tion of  the  men  who  manage  railroads, 
carlines,  manufacturing  and  mercan- 
tile establishments,  and  many  other 
lines  of  business,  prefer  to  employ 
men  who  do  not  smoke,  and  in  some 
cases  they  positively  refuse  to  employ 
smokers.  The  doors  of  opportunity 
are  gradually  being  closed  against  the 
smoker. 

12.  The  use  of  tobacco  by  athletes 
in  training  is  almost  universally  for- 
bidden. This  shows  the  uniform  tes- 
timony to  be  that  using  tobacco  im- 
pairs a  man's  strength,  nerve,  and 
skill. 

13.  By  lowering  moral  tone  and  by 
lessening  the  power  to  resist  tempta- 
tion the  Tobacco  Habit  makes  easier 
the  downward  road  which  leads  to 
other  vices. 

14.  It  is  true,  and  it  is  lamentable, 
that  a  majority  of  the  men  who  lead 


23 


in  business  and  social  affairs  in  this 
country  are  smokers.  It  is  also  true, 
and  it  is  deplorable,  that  a  consider-, 
able  number  of  our  most  conscientious 
and  influential  citizens,  are  smok- 
ers, including  grammar  school  and 
high  school  teachers,  (Berkeley  is 
fortunate  in  having  but  few  public 
school  teachers  who  smoke).  Univer- 
sity professors  and  instructors,  even 
members  and  pastors  of  churches, 
Sunday  school  teachers  and  Y.  M.  C. 
A.  secretaries.  And  such  conspicuous 
examples  add  greatly  to  the  task  of 
those  who  are  trying  to  keep  the  boys 
and  the  young  men  from  acquiring  the 
habit.  The  bad  example  set  by  a  good 
man  avails  more  in  promoting  vice 
than  does  that  set  by  a  vicious  man. 
How  can  you  well  answer  the  boy 
who  says:  "My  father  smokes,  my 
Sunday  School  teacher  smokes,  Mc- 
Kinley  smoked,  why  shouldn't  I?" 

15.  It  is  said  that  the  Smoke  Habit 
is  increasing  among  women.  This  may 
be  so  in  some  localities,  but  certainly 
not  to  any  considerable  extent,  nor 
at  all  among  our  best  American  wom- 


24 


en.  But,  why  not?  If  smoking  is  rep- 
utable for  men,  why  not  for  women? 
Yet  how  would  it  seem  if  smoking 
were  as  common  among  women  as  it 
is  among  men?  Think  what  it  would 
mean  to  the  women  themselves,  to 
their  children,  and  to  the  nation! 

Mrs.  Lillian  M.  N.  Stevens,  presi- 
dent of  the  National  Woman's  Chris- 
tian Temperance  Union,  in  an  address 
delivered  at  the  annual  convention  of 
the  Union,  held  in  Baltimore  in  No- 
vember, 1910,  made  this  statement: 
"We  are  sometimes  told  that  there  is 
much  cigarette  smoking  among  wom- 
en. In  the  course  of  my  travels  in 
England  and  America  I  have  never 
seen  a  woman  with  a  cigarette  in  her 
mouth,  except  in  certain  localities  in 
New  Mexico,  where  the  surroundings 
were  not  at  all  pleasant  to  contem- 
plate. There  is  reason  to  believe  that 
some  women  in  England  do  smoke 
cigarettes  and  we  are  told  that  there 
are  some  in  America  of  like  habit.  I 
have  seen  now  and  then  a  woman  in 
a  hovel  smoking  a  pipe." 


25 


16.  However,  the  fact  remains  that 
the  great  majority  of  the  more  earn- 
est and  refined  women  in  our  coun- 
try are  opposed  to  the  Tobacco  Habit, 

in  whatever  form.  Among  the  non- 
users  of  tobacco  they  are  the  greatest 
sufferers  from  it.  Undoubtedly  their 
health  often  suffers  from  it;  and  still 
more  often  their  comfort  and  their  sen- 
sibilities. They  are  compelled  to  sub- 
mit to  its  offense  in  their  homes  and 
in  many  other  places  where  they  need 
or  desire  to  be,  and  they  usually  en- 
dure the  offense  with  but  a  silent  pro- 
test. 

17.  Since  human  slavery  has  been 
abolished  and  the  saloon  put  under 
ban  there  is  no  other  bondage  so  in- 
jurious, so  galling,  and  which  enslaves 
such  a  large  proportion  of  the  human 
family  as  the  bondage  of  the  Tobacco 
Habit. 

18.  The  use  of  tobacco  by  such  a 
large  proportion  of  the  men  who  are 
the  bone  and  sinew  of  our  country,  if 
continued,  means  deterioration  and,  in 
the  end,  a  decadent  race. 


26 


THE  OBJECTS  OF  THE 
ANTI-TOBACCO    LEAGUE    ARE: 

1.  To  save  the  boys  from  the  in- 
jurious effects  of  tobacco  by  secur- 
ing the  enactment  and  enforcement 
of  laws  and  ordinances  prohibiting 
the  sale  of  tobacco,  in  any  form,  to 
boys  under  twenty  years  of  ago,  and 
prohibiting  its  use  by  such  boys.  It 
is  not  our  purpose  to  attempt  to  pro- 
hibit the  sale  or  use  of  tobacco,  ex- 
cept to  minors. 

2.  To  discountenance  smoking  in 
educational  institutions,  in  municipal 
buildings,  in  meetings  of  fraternal  or- 
ganizations, on  street  cars,  in  banks 
and  other  open  business  places,  in  of- 
fices and  shops. 

TO    THESE    ENDS   WE    PROPOSE: 

1.  To  educate  the  people,  mainly 
by  literature,  as  to  the  injurious  ef- 
fects  of  tobacco,   especially  by   boys. 

2.  To  make  plain  to  the  smoker 
how  discourteous  and  offensive  he 
sometimes  becomes  to  the  non-smoker. 


27 


3.  To  organize  all  those  who  sym- 
pathize with  the  movement  into  an 
army  to  carry  out  these  plans. 

4.  To  encourage  and,  so  far  as 
we  can,  assist  tobacco  users  to  give 
up  the  habit. 

IN    CONCLUSION 

1.  At  the  outset  we  looked  first  to 
non-smokers  to  take  up  the  cause, 
but  already  we  have  several  earnest 
workers  in  our  ranks  who  are  smok- 
ers. We  want  as  a  member  every  man 
who  is  in  sympathy  with  this  move- 
ment and  willing  to  do  what  he  can 
to  help  it  along,  be  he  smoker  or  non- 
smoker.  Do  you  want  to  help  save 
the  boys?  Do  you  want  to  help  to 
induce  smokers  to  be  more  consider- 
ate of  the  rights  of  others?  Then  we 
want  your  name,  your  encouragement, 
your  suggestions,  your  influence. 
There  are  no  dues,  no  pledges,  no 
obligations  to  give  either  your  time 
or  your  money,  unless  you  desire  to  do 
so. 

2.  The  smoker  is  not  so  much  to 

28 


be  blamed  for  being  a  smoker.  The 
compelling  forces  of  association  and 
of  an  almost  universal  practice  have 
led  him  to  acquire  the  habit,  and  the 
still  more  compelling  force  of  the  ap- 
petite itself  have  caused  him  to  con- 
tinue it.  But  all  smokers,  with  perhaps 
some  exceptions,  should  give  up  the 
habit.  All  young  men  surely  ought 
to;  but  it  is  especially  the  young  mar- 
ried man  who  should  quit  it;  for  it  is 
of  great  moment  not  only  to  him  but 
also  to  his  wife  and  to  his  children 
that  he  do  so.  It  is  not  so  impor- 
tant for  the  man  in  middle  or  ad- 
vanced life,  who  uses  tobacco  in  mod- 
eration. He  may  not  be  much  in- 
jured by  the  habit,  and  usually  there 
are  fewer  dependent  upon  him  or  to 
be  affected  by  his  smoking. 

3.  This  movement,  in  order  to  bring 
the  results  we  expect  it  to  bring,  will 
require  a  good  deal  of  money:  many 
hundreds  of  dollars  for  Berkeley ;  many 
thousands  in  other  fields.  There  is  no 
cause  more  worthy,  no  work  more 
needed,    no   place   where    money    can 


29 


be   expended   to   bring  larger   results 
for  human  betterment. 

4.  It  will  be  well  for  the  cause  to 
have  a  large  number  of  contributors. 
Some  can  well  afford  to  give  $25,  or 
a  larger  sum,  some  $1,  some  25  cents, 
all  acceptable.  We  expect  contribu- 
tions from  women  as  well  as  from 
men,  and  there  may  be  boys  and  girls 
who  want  to  give.  Many  cannot  well 
afford  to  give  any  money,  but  all  who 
wish  the  cause  success  can  give  their 
support  in  other  ways. 

5.  And  now,  a  word  to  the  women. 
We  realize  that  you  will  be  in  full 
sympathy  with  this  movement;  that 
your  voice,  your  influence,  your  sup- 
port can  be  depended  upon;  that  you 
will  be  ready,  whenever  a  call  comes, 
to  join  in  pushing  forward  the  work. 
We  also  realize  that  it  is  very  impor- 
tant for  the  success  of  this  movement 
that  the  young  women  and  the  school 
girls  be  instructed  regarding  the  in- 
jurious effects  of  tobacco,  to  the  end 
that  the  time  may  soon  come  when 
young  women  will  decline  to  receive 


SO 


attentions  from  young  men  who  smoke 
or  chew  tobacco. 

After  our  League  has  been 
fully  organized,  is  in  good  working 
order,  has  made  perceptible  progress 
towards  the  accomplishment  of  our 
purposes,  we  shall  expect  to  see  a 
strong  woman's  organization,  also  a 
young  woman's  organization,  formed 
to  co-operate  with  us. 

6.  In  preparing  this  Address  we 
have  aimed  to  be  guarded  in  our  ex- 
pressions;  to  make  them  under  rather 
than  over  the  line  of  a  full  presenta- 
tion. Should  there  be  those  who  doubt 
the  truthfulness  or  the  authenticity 
of  any  of  our  statements  we  should  be 
pleased  to  have  them  call  at  our  rooms 
and  investigate.  We  are  provided  with 
authorities  sufficient  to  satisfy  the 
mind  of  any  earnest  inquirer. 

7.  We  are  not  now  sending  copies 
of  this  address  to  any  considerable 
number  of  persons  outside  of  our  own 
city,  and  we  do  not  intend  to  do  so 
until  we  can  show  some  progress  here. 
Demonstrations     are     more     valuable 


31 


than  exhortations.  But  there  are  those 
in  other  places  whom  we  wish  to  ap- 
prise early  of  our  undertaking;  in  or- 
der that  they  may  be  considering  it 
and  getting  ready  to  take  up  the  work 
when  the  opportune  time  comes. 


B2 


The  Office  Rooms  of  the 

ANTI-TOBACCO    LEAGUE 

,  are  at 

511   First  National  Bank  Building 

BERKELEY,  CALIFORNIA 


Address  all  communications  to 

Anti-Tobacco  League 

Draw  all  checks  in  favor  of 

Anti-Tobacco  League 


OFFICE  TELEPHONE  NUMBERS 

Sunset,  Berkeley  984 

Home,  F  1746 

RESIDENCE  PHONES   OF   SUPERINTENDENT 

Sunset,  Berkeley  1300 

Home,  F  1171 

Office  Hours,  9  to  12  and  1  to  5 
Usually  not  open  Sundays 


THE  OBJECTS  OF  THE 

ANTI-TOBACCO    LEAGUl 

ARE  MAINLY : 

1.  To  Educate  the  People  regar 
ing  the  Injury  and  the  Lo 
which  the  Tobacco  Habit  brin: 
upon  the  Human  Race. 

2.  To   Save   the   Boys   and   t! 
Young  Men  of  our  Land  frc 
the    Injurious    Effects    of   t     ' 
Tobacco  Habit. 

3.  To  Induce  Smokers  to  She 
Due    Consideration    for    t 
Rights  of  Non-Smokers,  at  all 
Times  and  in  all  Places. 

4.  To  Protect  Non-Smokers  fn  ri 
the  Offense  and  the  Injury  so 
often  caused  by  Inconsiderate 
Smokers. 


GENERAL  LIBRARY  -  U.C.  BERKELEY 

111 


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